Green Data Centres: A Pathway to Sustainable Energy and Digital Growth in India

Abstract

India is experiencing rapid digital growth, but its data centres, which power this growth, largely rely on polluting fossil fuels like coal. This is a problem because India can produce a lot of green energy, such as wind, hydro, and solar. This paper examines the concept of Green Data Centres in India, focusing on their importance, challenges, and potential to drive sustainability in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7, which aims to ensure affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy. Green Data Centres focuses on environmental responsibility by opting for energy-saving technologies, green energy sources like wind, hydro, and solar power, and practices that ensure sustainability and minimize their environmental impact. They play a significant role in minimizing carbon emissions, lowering operational costs, and helping businesses comply with environmental regulations.

This study explores the challenges faced by Green Data Centres in India, categorized under policy, funding, and technology. Issues such as the absence of specific government policies, limited funding for green initiatives, and a shortage of skilled professionals hinder their development. Additionally, the country's reliance on coal-based electricity further undermines the benefits of renewable energy integration. To address these challenges, the paper proposes a framework for improving policies, simplifying funding mechanisms, and advancing green technologies. The framework also suggests fostering public-private partnerships, increasing financial incentives, and promoting training programs in energy-efficient practices. By adopting these measures, India can achieve widespread adoption of Green Data Centres, aligning with its digital growth and sustainability goals under SDG 7.

The findings of this paper highlight the critical need for India to balance digital progress with environmental sustainability, ensuring that its data centres contribute positively to a greener future.